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FRANCIS S. PEASE, 0F BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

Lettere .Patent lVo. 82,437, dated September 22, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN REGIAPROUATING STEAM-ENGINES.

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To ALL WHoM IT MAY eoNonR'N:

Be it known that I,.FRAN CIS S. PEASE, otsBuialo, in the county of' Erie, and State o'f New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inASteam-Engines; and Ido hereby declare the follotving'to be a full, clear, and exact 'description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which are made a part of this specification.

My invention relates primarily to that class of steam-engines which are provided with a high-pressure and a low-pressure cylinder, 'arranged end to end and coincident in axis, their pistons being attached to one ,and ,the same rod, andthe steam being iirst used at high pressure and then exhausted into the low-pressure cylinder, but a part of my invention is applicable also to other descriptions of engines.

My improvements consist- First, in such a construction and combination of the intermediate heads of the respective cylinders that a single stuling-box will suilice to pack the piston-rod in both said heads.

Second, in the construction ofthe head ofthe larger or low-pre'ssure cylinder in two or more parts or sections, as hereinafter described, to afford acccssto theinterior of the cylinder.

Third, in the arrangement of the stuffing-box in the interior of the large cylinder, ashereinafter described.

The drawing represents a vertical longitudinal section of a compound engine, illustrating my invention.

A is the direct-steam-engine cylinder, placed above the cylinder-B, into which latter the s team of the smaller cylinder A is exhausted, and in which it is expanded. The steam is admitted to the steam-chest C- of the smaller cylinder, and exhausts into the steam-chest C of the lowenor larger cylinders G is the piston-rod, to which both pistons, P and P', are connected, so as to move together. As the steamvalves work-in unison, the exhaust is admitted either to the bottom or top of the larger cylinder B at the same time and direction that the steam is admitted into thc corresponding end ofthe smaller cylinder A. The final exhaust is from the steam-chest C of the lower or larger Vcylinder intoA the condenser. The proportion well calculated to Work successfully is to have the direct-steam or smaller cylinder one-half the diameter of the expansion or larger cylinder. An important point is to have them as close together as possible. To this end, I make the middle casting Il H' answer for the two cylinder-heads. It is easily made in one piece,l or in two pieces, and belted firmly together. This construction of the combined cylinder-heads s aves great cost over any other now in use. Asmall space is left between the two heads, to allow the bolts to be got at, which connect with the smiling-box inside oi' the cylinder.

The vlower or larger cylinder-head I-I is made in two or more pieces, so that the smaller piece t can be easily removed to get inside to adjust the packing-rings or fix the stuffing-box.

But one stuing-box is required in the connection betu'een the two cylinders, and that is placed in the inside of the lower or larger cylinder-head H. No steam'izan escape into the atmosphere, and the steam acting on the boigS tends to make it tight. The bolts that hold the stuffing-box pass through the cylinder-head. This arrangement makes a close, compact, compound engine. The two cylinders being close together, there is but little loss to the power of the exhaust.

I is the ordinary smiling-box.

Each of the steam-chests C C contains an oscillating balanced valve, V, which ismoved by a shaft, E, made of oblong or other rectangular form where it passes through the valve, and occupying an elongated mortisc or slot in the valve, leaving a space, 11 v, on each side of the shaft,rso that the valve can always find a perfeet fit tothe valve-seat. The back of the valve turns or moves against the oblong metallic packing L, which ts steam-tight in the opening through the back of the steam-chest. Y

K is thc cover. Small steam-holes admit the steam to the back ofthe packing to press it against the valve, and keepthe face of the valve steam-tight to the valve-seat. The surfaces of this valve V, being about equally exposed to the pressure of the steam, itis equalized in pressure ,and kept to its seat by the steam pressing on `the metallic packing Ii. This packing is stationary.

The oscillation of the valve-shafts E may be e'ected by means of rods R R, or any suitable mechanism,

and the rod R, which connects the two valves, may be made variable in length, so as to adjust the valves to precise unison of action.

A hole being cut through the steam-chest, the stationary packing is'readily inserted against the oscillating valve. It is very easy to get at from the outside, without removing the heads, by simply removing the cover or cap K, and it admits of very easy adjustment.

There is a small space left above the packings, as shown, ]c 7c, so that the steam may act on it.

The area ofthe oblong metallic packing is only required'to be about two-thirds of the exposed area ofthe face of the valve, or suciently large to holdthe valve to the seat.

My improved valve will he made the subject of a separate application for Letters Patent, bnt 'it is described here because it can be used with good advantage in my compound engine.

The following isiwhat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

l. The construction and arrangement of the frame, or covers, or cylinder-heads of the two cylinders, the lowest section or surface forming a cover to the cylinder` B, and the upper surface the cover of cylinder A.

2. The combination of the lower cylinder-head H with the section L, whereby to gain access to the cylinder B, as herein s et forth. i

3. The arrangementpi` the stuffing-box inside the cylinder and with the cylinder-head, so that the bolts passing through the cylinder-head can be reached from the outside between the two heads.

4.-. The combination of the two cylinder-heads H H', formed or connected together in the manner herein described, with sutlcient space between them to give access to the bolts of the stuiing-box S.

FRANCIS S. PEASE.

Witnesses:

TRUMAN C. WHITE, FREDLRIGK KRAPP. 

